Basics First Aid
· Preventing accidents: Most of them happen to careless people.
· spread knowledge: is important that you show in detail what they learned.
· Avoid injuries: For actions inappropriate and how to address and remove to a rough life is death.
· Ensure appropriate elements: To move serious accidents (couches, tables, cervix)
· Acting quickly: Have someone call the ambulance, fire and police, as the situation.
what to do until help arrives?
• Put the victim in a horizontal position.
· From confidence and calm, until help arrives.
· Apply First Aid techniques.
Always remember the next 4 points, because the first moments of an accident are critical to anoint person's life
• Maintain the casualty in a horizontal position
• Request an ambulance
• Maintain calm and reassure the victim
• Maintain temperature
body to always have essential information such as:
patches, cotton, gauze, bandages, splints, alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, povidone, painkillers, etc.
Observe the casualty
Check your breathing: Breathe normally
· - Keep watching
· Wheezing - Check the mouth
Do not breathe - breathing
Dar
Recognize your level of consciousness:
Says name ·
· It stands in the place
· It outlines the date
Take the pulse of the victim:
· Press normal - Continue to observe weak
· Press - Shock
· Press irregular - Internal bleeding, referred to medical centers
Do not presented Pulse - Heart Massage
Reviewing the place of the injured
In review accident if the place is unsafe for the accident. If so, remove the clothing or taking it from the axillary area. Places
unsafe
· Landslides
· chemical vapor
Fire How to specify
Shock When there are victims of serious accidents such as fractures, bleeding, burns, and their vital functions plummet, talk about Shock
Note: Face pale
·
· Dilated
· Shortness of breath, shallow knowledge
· Loss advanced
• Age , poor nutrition and pain are aggravating the shock causes
Make:
• Put the victim in a horizontal position and the feet slightly raised
• Keep normal temperature (37 ° C)
• If bleeding occurs, stop using
First Aid · If the victim is not breathing or has no pulse, give CPR immediately
· Derive a
Medical Center
hemorrhage
Note:
• If bleeding continuously, dark red - Venous Bleeding
• If bleeding gushing, bright red - Arterial Hemorrhage
• If bleeding evenly with small drops - Bleeding Hair
Recommendations:
· Place the victim in a horizontal position
· Place a dressing or clean cloth on the spot that bleeds
· Squeeze with your hands for 5 minutes the bleeding point
· Stop the Blood:
· Venous bleeding: Raise the injured leg or arm wound and bind under
· Arterial bleeding: Raise the injured leg or arm and bind the wound
· capillary bleeding : Wash area with water bleeding, cover with a dressing or clean cloth and squeeze for 5 minutes and apply a tight bandage.
Injuries soft body parts
Contusion (Strike):
· Wash and apply a cold compress
contusion: Produced
stroke (tables, rocks, sticks, etc.) These wounds have jagged edges and downs that cause mild hematoma (bruise) and bruising
· Wash with cold water
· Remove foreign bodies that are not embedded
· Apply antiseptic (povidone iodine)
• Cover with a bandage or cloth clean. Injuries
Eroded:
are small surface scratches caused by objects
clean dressing and apply only wash or clean cloth
• If the wound is in contact with water and small, use a bandaid patch
• If the wound has occurred as a result of a fall, should be washed with tap water, cleaned and disinfected, then cover with a clean cloth.
puncture wounds:
is produced by sharp objects (sticks, nail scissors, etc..)
· Wash the wound with tap water and then clean with hydrogen peroxide at 10 volumes
· Place povidone-iodine on the edges of
• Cover the wound with sterile dressing or clean cloth
· Apply bandage tape or containment
· Recommend placement of tetanus vaccine in a hospital
Shear Injury:
Produced by knives, glass, cans, etc.
· Wash the wound with water and apply povidone-iodine on the edges
• If bleeding has hold your breath with a sterile dressing or clean cloth to hold for 5 minutes
Do not remove the clot and cover with another dressing over the previous
· Send to a hospital
Injuries
hard parts of the body affects ligaments, joints and bones.
Fractures or Cracks:
were graded 1. Closed - No outputs 2
bone. Open or Exposed - With output
bone
· Soothe taking a mild analgesic pain if the casualty is conscious
• If presented with outputs of bone wounds, wash and place a dressing or clean cloth. The bone should not be treated or touched. If bleeding perform First Aid
• In case of fracture immobilization with splints if the fracture is extremely
· Maintain the slats exceed the upper and lower joints
· Move horizontally to a Medical Center
Dislocations (Zafaduras )
directly affect the joints. Are usually produced by strong movements. The bone runs out or their articulation.
• If the pain is severe ease the pain with analgesics. Treat them as broken.
· Apply dressing and bandage immobilization
· Immobilize the injured part with splints (tables, newspapers, magazines, etc.).
· Move to a hospital
Sprains:
affect ligaments and joints. Raises the tear or stretch the ligaments
· Calme pain by giving a cold compress immediately
· Apply bandage immobilization
· Move to a hospital burns
What to do?
Chemicals:
· Wash with large amounts of cold water, including the eyes
• Cover with clean dressings or cloth
Electrical current
· Court or isolate the victim with a stick or piece of wood
· Review vital signs
· Check the consciousness of the victim and if you are unconscious perform Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
· Move quickly to a hospital. • DO NOT PUT WATER
Liquids and Fire:
· Place as soon as the affected part under cold water to lower the temperature of the burned area and reduce inflammation and blisters that may form
• If the burn was caused by fire the steps to take, although they may take more serious
• Must cover the affected area with a sheet while moving the hospital
poisoning
enters the body when an element or toxic substance detrimental to health and can cause death.
For digestive tract:
· Food decomposed, drugs, alcohol or
· drugs induce vomiting and give plenty of fluids conscious person
· Move to a hospital
Do not induce vomiting when there are burns on the lips and mouth. If you smell petrol or paraffin. If you have used caustic soda, nitric or sulfuric acid as the callback in the poison, return to
• If damage has been more than 2 hours of ingesting the poison, it has been dissolved in the bloodstream of the victim
through inhalation
occurs by inhalation of gases, carbon dioxide, paraffin, benzene, paint fumes lead, etc.
· Move the victim to an open
· Loosen clothing at neck and waist
· Allow rescue breaths if not breathing
· Move quickly to a hospital
For the skin:
occurs by the penetration of insecticides, disinfectants and liter plant. Victim wing
• Put it under running water
· Remove wet clothing
• Cover the injured
· Move to a hospital
By way circulatory :
occurs through the bite of insects as bees or wasps, injection of medication that is outdated or allergic reaction to any medicine.
• If not breathing, artificial respiration
· Prevent Shock
· Move to a hospital
Choking
breathing is an accident caused by a piece of food or other objects. You breathe with difficulty and can suffocate for lack of oxygen.
· Treat the person remove the foreign body coughing
· Place behind the person stuck
· Go around the waist and place his hands clenched in his mouth stomach (above the navel)
· Press his stomach with his hands clenched tightly
· Repeat the maneuver several times until the person push the foreign body
• If the person is not breathing, place in a horizontal position and give artificial respiration
· Move to a hospital
Stings and Bites
Insect bites (bees, wasps, mosquitoes)
• Avoid the pain and burning, apply a baking soda compress
• The greater involvement of these stings is allergic reaction should be treated by a doctor Bite
mice, dogs or Murcielago:
· Wash the affected area under running cold water for several minutes
• Cover with dressing or clean cloth
· Take the victim to a hospital
· Follow the medical advice and preventive vaccination program (rabies)
Spider Bite or Wheat Corner:
· Apply a cold compress to the affected area can add baking soda or vinegar water (one teaspoon in a cup of water)
· Move immediately to a hospital
Resuscitation Cardio Pulmonary
If the victim is not breathing and a pulse:
• Put the victim in a horizontal position
· Check the mouth and tongue position
· Remove extraneous items (dentures, food scraps, algae. )
· Allow rescue breathing, 2 breaths long time, until you see his chest rising
If the victim is not breathing and no pulse:
· Keep horizontal and following the steps above, add 2 cardiac massage for 15 breaths each time.
If you see:
· The pupils will get smaller
• The skin gets its natural color
• The pulse returns to feel
• The victim breathing again
Make:
! Let the victim rest
• Keep all your body temperature
· Recommend transfer to a hospital
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